Flat Roofing
What is Flat roofing? Flat roofing refers to a roofing style with a low slope or almost level surface, typically having a pitch of less than 10 degrees. This translate to roughly anything at or less than a 2/12 pitch.
What kinds of Flat roofing is there? Built-Up Roofing(BUR), Modified Bitumen, EPDM, TPO, PVC, Spray Plyurethane Foam, and Green Roofs. While there are many types of Flat roofing, we’ll focus on the most common ones for educational purposes; Built-Up Roofing(BUR), Modified Bitumen, EPDM, TPO, and PVC
What kinds of Flat roofing is there? Built-Up Roofing(BUR), Modified Bitumen, EPDM, TPO, PVC, Spray Plyurethane Foam, and Green Roofs. While there are many types of Flat roofing, we’ll focus on the most common ones for educational purposes; Built-Up Roofing(BUR), Modified Bitumen, EPDM, TPO, and PVC
Feature | Built-Up Roofing | Modified Bitumen | EPDM | TPO | PVC |
Description | traditional flat roofing system made by layering asphalt (or bitumen) with reinforcing fabrics and finishing it with a layer of gravel or stone. This multi-layer design creates a durable, waterproof, and weather-resistant surface, making BUR a reliable option for flat or low-slope roofs. It's known for its longevity and ability to provide excellent protection against harsh weather conditions. | Made of asphalt that’s been enhanced with modifiers like rubber or plastic polymers to increase its flexibility, durability, and weather resistance. It is applied in rolls and can be installed using methods like torch-applied, self-adhered, or cold-applied adhesive systems, making it a versatile and long-lasting option for low-slope roofs. | Durable and flexible flat roofing material made from synthetic rubber. It's widely known for its excellent resistance to UV rays, weathering, and temperature extremes, making it a popular and cost-effective choice for flat and low-slope roofs. Available in black or white, it can be installed in sheets through fully adhered, mechanically attached, or ballasted methods. | Single-ply roofing membrane made from a blend of rubber and plastic, designed for flat and low-slope roofs. Known for its energy efficiency, TPO features a reflective surface that helps reduce heat absorption. It is durable, lightweight, and can be heat-welded to create strong, waterproof seams, making it a popular choice for commercial and residential applications. | Single-ply roofing membrane made from durable plastic, designed for flat and low-slope roofs. It is highly resistant to chemicals, fire, and extreme weather conditions, making it an excellent choice for commercial and industrial applications. PVC membranes feature heat-welded seams for superior waterproofing and often include reflective properties, improving energy efficiency by reducing heat absorption. |
Cost | $$ | $$ - $$$ | $$ | $$ - $$$ | $$$ - $$$$ |
Style Options | Offers a traditional layered look with a gravel or smooth surface finish. It can be customized with reflective coatings for energy efficiency. | Available in smooth or granulated surfaces, with color options for the granules to match aesthetic preferences. | Comes in black or white membranes, with installation options like fully adhered, mechanically attached, or ballasted for different visual and functional needs. | Typically available in white, gray, or tan, with a smooth, clean finish that complements modern designs. | Offers a sleek, smooth surface in various colors, including white, gray, and tan, with reflective properties for energy efficiency. |
Lifespan | 15 - 30 years | 20 - 30 years | 25 - 30 years | 15 - 20 years | 20 - 30 years |
Durability | Highly durable due to its multiple layers, offering strong resistance to weather, but the surface can be prone to cracking in extreme temperatures. | Durable and flexible, capable of withstanding temperature fluctuations and moderate foot traffic. | Extremely durable, with excellent resistance to UV rays, ozone, and weathering, though it can be punctured by sharp objects. | Durable against UV radiation and heat, but can be prone to seam failures if not properly installed. | Highly durable, with excellent resistance to chemicals, punctures, and weather, making it one of the most robust options. |
Energy Efficiency | Moderately energy-efficient, but its efficiency improves with reflective coatings or light-colored gravel to reduce heat absorption. Typically SRI 10 - 30 without coatings | Offers fair energy efficiency, with options to add reflective coatings or granules for improved heat reflectivity. Typically SRI 10 - 30 without coatings | Black EPDM absorbs heat, making it less efficient in warm climates, but white EPDM is more energy-efficient by reflecting sunlight. Black EPDM has SRI 10) and White EPDM has SRI often exceeding 80 | Highly energy-efficient due to its reflective surface, which reduces heat absorption and cooling costs. SRI typically around 80 | Excellent energy efficiency, especially in warmer climates, with its reflective surface minimizing heat gain and improving insulation. SRI typically 80 - 100 |
Flat Roofs and Storms
Flat roofs are designed with specific features that help them withstand the challenges of stormy weather. Unlike pitched roofs, flat roofing systems rely on a proper slope and effective drainage to handle heavy rainfall, preventing water from pooling and causing leaks. Membrane materials like TPO (Thermoplastic Polyolefin) or EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer) are commonly used for flat roofs due to their durability and water-resistant properties. These materials are also highly flexible, allowing them to accommodate structural movement during strong winds without cracking or tearing.
Hail and flying debris are common concerns for flat roofs during storms, but modern flat roofing systems are built to endure these impacts. Many membranes are reinforced with fiberglass or polyester layers, adding strength and puncture resistance. Additionally, flat roofs often feature reflective coatings, which not only improve energy efficiency but also add an extra layer of protection against hail and debris. Proper installation and regular maintenance are key to maximizing the storm resistance of flat roofs, ensuring they remain reliable and efficient in shielding the building from severe weather conditions. Flat roofs are a practical and durable choice, especially for commercial properties or modern architectural designs.
Hail and flying debris are common concerns for flat roofs during storms, but modern flat roofing systems are built to endure these impacts. Many membranes are reinforced with fiberglass or polyester layers, adding strength and puncture resistance. Additionally, flat roofs often feature reflective coatings, which not only improve energy efficiency but also add an extra layer of protection against hail and debris. Proper installation and regular maintenance are key to maximizing the storm resistance of flat roofs, ensuring they remain reliable and efficient in shielding the building from severe weather conditions. Flat roofs are a practical and durable choice, especially for commercial properties or modern architectural designs.
How to prolong the life of your flat roofing system
To prolong the life of your flat roofing system, regular maintenance is key. Start by scheduling routine inspections to check for cracks, blisters, or pooling water. Keep the roof clean by removing debris that can trap moisture or cause damage. Ensure that drains and gutters remain unclogged to prevent water buildup. Use protective coatings, such as reflective or waterproof sealants, to enhance durability and energy efficiency. Address any minor issues like leaks or damaged areas immediately to prevent them from escalating. Finally, ensure proper ventilation and avoid placing heavy equipment directly on the roof to minimize stress on the materials. A proactive approach will significantly extend the lifespan of your flat roof!